Thursday, October 25, 2018

Foreign Digest: Italy, Germany and Iraq


Italy: budget update
            The European Commission, an organ of the European Union, rejected Italy’s 2019 budget earlier this week because of the populist Italian Government’s unprecedented breach of EU rules, as the deficit would be 2.4% of the projected gross domestic product.  The rejection was unprecedented in EU history. 

The Italian Government, which opposes austerity and claims to favor economic growth, proposed a budget that exceeds the 2% rule by tens of billions of dollars because it increases welfare spending, undoes pension reform, awards victims of bank fraud and implements a flat tax for businesses.  It refuses to eliminate these items from its budget.  Italy had already been granted some flexibility for pro-growth policies.  The Commission also found the budget’s growth estimates too optimistic.  The EU and the International Monetary Fund had been critical of the Italian budget.  The Commission is giving Italy three weeks to modify its budget.  The Government will have no choice but to cut other spending, as it does not intend to leave the EU or to abandon its single currency.  However, the far-right anti-migrant and anti-European League Party leader, who is Deputy Prime Minister and Interior Minister, is opposed to making any changes to the budget.

Germany: to import American natural gas
The German Government announced earlier this week that it will begin to import American natural gas, which will make it less dependent on the Russian Federation for fuel.  Russia’s authoritarian and kleptocratic leader, Vladimir Putin, uses natural gas exports as leverage over European states.

Iraq: new Prime Minister
            Five months after parliamentary elections, Iraq has a new Prime Minister after the Parliament approved most of his Cabinet yesterday in another peaceful transition of power.

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