Sunday, February 10, 2019

Freedom House's 2018 Annual Report Cites Continued Decline of Freedom and Particularly Blames Donald Trump


Freedom has declined around the world for the thirteenth consecutive year, according to Freedom House in its 2018 annual report: https://williamcinfici.blogspot.com/2018/01/freedom-house-reports-decline-of.html.  The report puts an even greater emphasis on how Donald Trump is undermining liberty in America and globally than in the 2017 report, which I had posted about at the time.

Freedom House cites the challenges to the United States constitutional system as threats that undermine political rights and civil liberties.  Not only is the U.S. withdrawal under Trump from supporting human rights around the world, and also praising and legitimizing authoritarians and sometimes even specifically praising their authoritarianism, exacerbating the global rise of authoritarianism, but tyrants and potential tyrants are copying Trump’s language and methods in concentrating political power and engaging in corruption.  The independence of the judiciary, the rule of law, the separation of powers, the constitutional checks and balances, the freedom of the press and the legitimacy of elections are all under assault under Trump, who is enabled by an inadequate legislative check, although the report observes that other checks have been effective.  America, once the beacon of freedom, is now an effective example of extinguishing liberty. 

Other Western States were criticized by Freedom House for failing to stand up enough for freedom abroad.  The report also particularly chides Australia and Italy for their anti-migrant policies that force migrants to the remote Pacific island State of Nauru or allow them to be detained by warring militias in Libya, respectively.

A trend toward populism on the left and right and especially of far-right nationalism was observed in the report.  This illiberal nationalism threatens migrants and sometimes the rights of various minorities.  Minorities have also been especially persecuted by Burma and Communist China, Freedom House notes.

            The supplanting of elective representative government with repressive autocracy has been noticeable since the early 2000s, particularly in the Russian Federation, Venezuela and, in more recent years, Turkey.  These States have served as examples of how democratically elected governments can become authoritarian, using the veneer of subsequently unfree elections for legitimacy.  This trend is evident even in several of the former Communist States of Eastern Europe.  Indeed, a particularly noteworthy part of Freedom House’s report is that Hungary is no longer listed as a free country, but only partly free — a first for a member of the European Union.  The report also observed a trend against term limits for chief executives.

            The report cited threats against Internet freedom, with Communist China as the leading example, in accord with Freedom House’s report on Internet Freedom I had posted about in November in Freedom House Reports a Global Decline of Internet Freedom, Citing the Chinese Model: https://williamcinfici.blogspot.com/2018/11/freedom-house-reports-global-decline-of.html.  The killing of journalists, both at home and abroad, is frequently mentioned in the report.  Another disturbing trend noted in the report is of unfree States attacking fellow countrymen living abroad in exile and expatriates more generally.

            There were several positive developments observed in Freedom House’s report.  Despite an overall decline in freedom, there were improvements in more countries than last year.  The report cited improvements in unfree countries Ethiopia and Angola, and in partly free countries Malaysia, Armenia, Ecuador and the Gambia.  The report also noted elections in Lebanon and Iraq, including the peaceful transfer of power in the latter.  I have posted about many of these developments.

           Another positive trend has been the rise of civil movements in countries ranging from unfree to free, including the United States for freedom or defense of constitutional norms or institutions.  These efforts are essential for defending or promoting liberty.

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